Health, Safety, Security and Environment

Hazardous Chemicals: Handling, Storage, Disposal, Monitoring and Response

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Hazardous Chemicals: Handling, Storage, Disposal, Monitoring and Response Course

Introduction:

Ensuring the prevention of accidental ignition in explosive atmospheres is a crucial safety and economic consideration in petroleum and chemical plant operations.

In this program, participants will acquire the following skills:

1. Identifying and assessing hazardous areas.
2. Selecting suitable electrical equipment and instruments for these areas.
3. Understanding various methods of protection, such as Ex d and Ex i, and comprehending their functioning.
4. Installing, inspecting, and maintaining certified equipment.

Course Objectives:

Participants attending the programme will:

Provide a clear understanding of hazardous area current custom and practice with particular respect to the following:
Defining the hazard, classifying hazard materials, understanding the nature of the risk and the necessity to eliminate sources of ignition
The relationship between area classification and the various different types of Ex apparatus
The relationship between electrical equipment and gas groups and temperature classes
The installation and maintenance of the different types of equipment i.e. flameproof, increased safety, intrinsic safety etc
The need for, and typical approach to, electrical equipment inspection
Apply the latest techniques in hazardous material handling (HAZMAT) and hazardous material communication (HAZCOM). This includes handling, storage, disposal, monitoring, response and MSDS of hazardous materials and chemicals
Discuss the physic chemistry of vapour pressure, gas-liquid solubility, density differences of liquids, surface area effects in mass transfer or heterogeneous reactions and chemical reaction kinetics
Recognize the hazards of toxic chemicals including its types, risk control and specific precautions
Employ control measures for flammable chemicals and prevent hazards arising in reactive chemicals processing
Enumerate the various cryogens, compresses gases and radioactive chemicals including its characteristics
Carry out latest monitoring techniques for environmental pollution, gases, vapours, particulates, water quality, sampling strategies and incident investigation
Discuss safety by design including design procedures, layout, storage, piping arrangements, fire protection, installation and operation of hazardous chemicals
Apply effective operating procedures for the commissioning, operation, maintenance, spillage, personal protection and monitoring standards of hazardous chemicals
Identify the classification, packaging, labeling and specific information for marketing hazardous chemicals
Employ the safe transport of chemicals by road, rail, air & sea and determine the modes of transport for liquids, gases and solids
Acquire knowledge on the monitoring and protection of chemicals and the environment including the legislative control governing these chemicals, proper waste management and environmental impact assessment
The documentation of the hazardous area

This program is intended to give:

An in depth understanding of hazardous areas from the initial nature of the problem
Some case studies of industrial accidents, through the identification and classification of the hazard, selection and use of protected equipment
The administration of hazardous areas in terms of record keeping and certificates

Who Should Attend?

This five day program is a single and comprehensive training package which involves a combination of formal lectures, practical exercises, demonstrations and written exercises.

It is primarily aimed at:

Safety engineers or supervisors
Electrical, instrumentation engineers or technicians

It is assumed that most attendees will be familiar with industrial electrical practice although specific prior knowledge of hazardous areas is not a prerequisite

Course Outlines:

Introduction and History
A brief history of Industrial fires and explosions
Materials
Understanding the important characteristics of hazard materials and how they behave when they are ignited. Looking at the data tables and seeing how, Flash point, boiling point, L.E.L. etc. influence our approach to the materials
Area Classification
A look at the techniques and the procedures that result in the formal allocations of zones zero, one and two
Sources of Hazard, duration of release, extent of zones, calculations, nature of hazard and release characteristics

Area Classification Exercise
An exercise carried out in syndicate groups where a small plant is classified against the IP code of practice. This will give attendees a much clearer idea of what zone 0, zone1, and zone2 really mean at their own place of work
Apparatus Groups and Temperature Classes
How apparatus and hazard materials are matched together in terms of ignition energies, flame transmission characteristics and ignition temperatures. How groups and T Classes have changed over the years and from country to country and where to find the information to make comparisons
Source of Ignition
A look at some of the possible sources of ignition, e.g. static electricity, light metal termite reactions, friction etc., which can occur in hazardous areas. Also considering some of the steps which can be taken to eliminate them
Methods of Protection
Considering the recognized methods of protection. The fundamental concept in each case and the zones in which they may be employed
Ex d Flameproof
Ex i Intrinsic Safety
Ex e Increased Safety
Ex p Pressurized
Ex N Type N
Ex m, Ex o, Ex q, Ex s
Exercise
A written exercise in which the relationship between zones, Apparatus groups, temperature classes and certifies electrical equipment is examined
Ex d Flameproof
Considering in depth the concept of Flameproof protection, how it works, how is must be installed, how it must be inspected & maintained. Looking at weatherproofing, corrosion, gaps, fasteners, etc.

Equipment Inspection Exercise Session 1
Examining samples and answering questions about them
Intrinsic Safety
As for flameproof, an in depth look at the subject considering minimum ignition energies, associated apparatus and systems, simple apparatus, IS clean earth, floating systems, system matching, etc.
Intrinsic Safety Installation
Segregation of cables, screens and armour, earthing and bonding, induction and invasion, creepage and clearance etc
Increased Safety
An in-depth look at this concept of protection making comparisons with flameproof, and stressing the vital importance of correct installation. Also looking at weatherproofing IP rating, CTI, stoppers and bolts, derating etc.
Equipment Inspection Exercise Session 2

Ex p Pressurized Apparatus
A close examination of this method of protection, what it can be applied to, when certification is possible and how to maintain it. Where pressurized rooms fit in and how uncertified pressurized enclosures may be used in zone 2
Type N
A thorough examination of type N considering non-sparking, enclosed break, energy limitation, and restricted breathing concepts. Also making comparisons with the concepts of protection already covered in detail
The Less Common Types of Protection
A look at Ex m, Ex o, Ex q, and Ex s considering each in turn and pointing out the safety critical features. Also considering combined or dual certification and the combination of many concepts of protection into one item of equipment
Equipment Inspection Exercise Session 3
Labels, Marking and Certificates
A look at the codings, certificate numbers and other essential markings on labels and certificates. Including a paper exercise to identify equipment and assess its suitability for given environment

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